IN order to affirm its loyalty to Europe, the Irish political elite has decided that it is best not to pay too much attention to European reality. ‘Austerity’ may be, as Joseph Stiglitz argued recently, “Europe’s man-made disaster”, yet the coalition government of Fine Gael and Labour has gambled on positioning Ireland as the poster child for Frankfurt and Berlin’s extended experiment in disaster denial.
That neoliberal retrenchment through cuts and market-oriented ‘reforms’ would push recession towards depression has long been obvious, but official strategy has been to place austerity in a realm beyond politics as a shared sacrifice necessary to restore investor ‘confidence’.
Confidence is an elusive property, as Irish borrowing costs remain much higher than those of Italy and Spain, and policies of ‘fiscal retrenchment’ have not produced a change in the fundamentals of the Irish economy after four years of budgetary purgatory and social misery.
The implacable fantasy has, of course, been resistant to evidence, but the decisive political rejection of austerity fetishism by the French and Greek electorates has opened up a democratic space of resistance at a time when popular opposition is taking shape in Ireland, and just weeks before the May 31 referendum on the EU fiscal treaty.
The platform of ‘vote yes for stability’ is now faced with the difficult task of identifying the ‘stability’ it expects the electorate to approve.
Regardless, it appears that the ballast for stability will be provided by the manufacture of fear, as the ‘yes’ campaign has framed the vote as an existential choice for Ireland. The fiscal treaty will provide the bedrock for recovery and future stability, while a ‘no’ vote could prove catastrophic, placing the country outside the European stability mechanism (ESM) — the EU lifeline to debt-ridden states — and thus unable to fund public services.
A ‘no’ vote would also damage Ireland’s reputation in Brussels and detract from its attractiveness as a destination for US foreign direct investment.
The problem for the ‘yes’ side is that it must cajole a weary electorate to accede to the constitutional ‘locking-in’ of austerity at precisely the moment that its ideological nature is fully exposed. Front-loaded fiscal adjustment has accelerated the rate of contraction in Ireland, as higher taxes and lower spending have reduced disposable income and aggregate demand. Far from encouraging a return to growth, Ireland is now in its fifth year of swingeing budget cuts.
There will be virtually no growth in 2012, and the International Monetary Fund’s own figures show that the ratio of debt to GDP will rise, not fall, in every year from 2008 to 2013 in the ‘Pigs’ quintet. The staggering statistics for youth unemployment in Greece and Spain are now well known — in Ireland the figure of more than 30 per cent is kept artificially low due to high levels of emigration.
Gavan Titley is lecturer in media studies at the National University of Ireland. John O’Brennan is director of the Centre for the Study of Wider Europe at NUI. — The Guardian, London
