After eight years of planning and billions of dollars in spending, the Middle East's first world's fair opened on Friday in Dubai, with hopes that the months-long extravaganza will draw both visitors and global attention to this desert-turned-dreamscape.

The coronavirus pandemic pushed back Expo 2020 a year and could affect how many people flock to the United Arab Emirates.

But the six-month-long exhibition still offers Dubai a momentous opportunity to showcase its unique East-meets-West appeal as a place where all are welcome for business.

Not long ago, the site of the 1,080 acres Expo was a barren desert. Now, it is a buzzing futuristic landscape with robots that dance and bark automated orders at bare-faced visitors to mask up, a new metro station, multi-million dollar pavilions and so-called districts with names like “sustainability and opportunity” all built, like much of the Gulf, by low-paid migrant workers.

More than 190 nations are using their pavilions to spotlight their greatest tourist attractions, discoveries and ambitions.

The US pavilion, paid for by the UAE after America struggled to come up with funding, boasts a replica of the Space X Falcon 9 rocket and takes visitors on a conveyor belt past multimedia infomercials for American inventions.

It also displays the Holy Quran that belonged to the nation's third president, Thomas Jefferson, an example of how freedom of religion is woven into the very fabric of American society.

China's vast, lantern-shaped pavilion focuses on the nation's space ambitions and future invention plans, featuring a Transformer-like car that SAIC Motor hopes will function one day also as a submarine and helicopter.

Draped over Italy's pavilion is 70 kilometres of rope made from two million plastic bottles. The main attraction, though, is a 3-D replica of Michelangelo's biblical hero, David, made from marble dust. The 17 feet high nude giant is not easily accessible, visitors must enter separate floors of a building to view it at eye level or peer up from its feet.

Public nudity is outlawed in the UAE, where traditional norms largely prevail.

The UAE's falcon-shaped pavilion, by far the largest in size, takes visitors on a two-hour-long immersive experience through dunes of real orange sand and footage from the country's 50-year history.

Other attractions include an African food hall, a royal Egyptian mummy, concerts and performances from around the world, and the option to dine on a $500 three-course meal with glow-in-the-dark cuisine.

Dubai can attract, and how much the Expo will stimulate its tourism-driven economy especially in the blistering early autumn heat, which on Friday caused tempers to flare, some visitors to faint and most people to sweat through their shirts.

We're dying! Humans can't tolerate this weather, exclaimed 35-year-old Warda Abadi from Saudi Arabia as she shepherded her limping mother into the shade.

To enter the Expo site, visitors will need to show a negative PCR test or proof of Covid-19 vaccination.

Dubai's ruler and the force behind the emirate's transformation, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, says Expo 2020 is a chance to showcase the best of human excellence.

It offers a platform to forge a united worldwide effort to build a more sustainable and prosperous future for all of mankind, he told guests at the Expo's opening ceremony.

Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, crown prince and de-facto ruler of the UAE's seat of power, Abu Dhabi, emphasised the ethos of this land as a meeting point for cultures and tolerance.

Whether Iran or Israel, every nation is welcome at Dubai's Expo. The space marked on maps for Afghanistan's pavilion, however, appeared vacant weeks after the Taliban takeover of Kabul.

Human Rights Watch, however, said that the UAE's efforts to promote itself as an open and tolerant country are at odds with a raft of human rights abuses, including the suppression of peaceful criticism, the jailing of activists and pervasive surveillance.

The UAE has embarked on a decades-long effort to whitewash its reputation on the international stage, the rights group said.

The Expo site nonetheless will attempt to dazzle visitors with a centrepiece dome, marketed as the world's largest 360-degree projection screen.

Header Image: A picture shows the Russian pavilion at the Dubai Expo 2020, on Friday. — AFP