Cryptocurrencies were jittery and groping for a floor on Wednesday, after a sharp and broad drawdown when nerves about the stability of exchange FTX turned to a rush of withdrawals and ultimately a bailout deal from bigger rival Binance.

Bitcoin, the biggest cryptocurrency by market value, was down one per cent at $18,400, after a 10pc plunge on Tuesday that marked its worst day since mid-August. Ether, the next largest, has lost nearly 18pc since early Tuesday.

The market focus was, however, on FTT, the token tied to FTX, whose financials have been the source of investor angst since last week. FTT collapsed by 72pc on Tuesday and was down a further 22pc at a two-year low of $4.25 on Wednesday.

Pressure on FTX came in part from Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao, who had said on Sunday that Binance would liquidate its holdings of the rival’s token due to unspecified “recent revelations”. Market participants were then stunned when Binance signed a nonbinding agreement on Tuesday to buy FTX’s non-US unit to help cover what it called a liquidity crunch.

The deal between high-profile rivals Zhao and Sam Bankman-Fried, FTX’s CEO, followed week-long speculation about FTX’s financial health that snowballed into $6 billion of withdrawals in the 72 hours before Tuesday’s deal.

Kami Zeng, head of research at Fore Elite Capital Management, a Hong Kong-based crypto fund manager, termed this another “alarm warning” for the battered cryptocurrency market and said investors should be cautious for a while.

“… the whole thing still looks like a dark hole. We are not sure how contagious this could be, but I believe institutions need to show their proof of reserves asap. Confidence does not recover before that,” Zeng said.

Market liquidity had thinned, so the uncertainty would hurt all assets, he said.

Binance coin, the token used on Binance, was not spared either. With a market value of $52 billion, it was at $317.11, down 6pc since Tuesday.

Monopolising

A warning of wider and longer contagion came from Zann Kwan, board advisor at Raffles Family Office and part of the board of Singapore association ACCESS, which includes participants involved in cryptocurrency and blockchain, together called decentralised finance (defi).

“Alameda is a big market maker in the defi market. More things will unfold,” she said, referring to Alameda Research, a trading firm founded by Bankman-Fried that has close ties with FTX.

Analysts drew parallels with the collapse of Terraform Labs earlier this year after its stablecoin, TerraUSD, dived, setting off a series of other bankruptcies at Singapore fund Three Arrows Capital and US fintech firms Voyager Digital and Celsius.

Bankman-Fried said his teams were working on clearing the withdrawal backlog, though uncertainty in the market about the bailout’s status and the depth of problems kept traders nervous.

Bobby Ong, co-founder of crypto analytics website CoinGecko, said the deal could cement Binance’s dominance of market turnover — but changes to the broader landscape were unclear.

“It’s probably safe to expect this move will further consolidate their lead, as FTX was a top-10 player with a sizeable share of volumes,” he said.

“However, how existing users of FTX will respond to this development remains to be seen. Will they continue to trade with FTX, or migrate to other exchanges — either centralised or decentralised?”

Temasek engaged

Singapore state investor Temasek Holdings, an FTX shareholder, said in emailed comments to Reuters: “We are aware of the developments between FTX and Binance, and are engaging FTX in our capacity as shareholder.”

FTX and Binance did not disclose the terms of their deal, and whether it closes remains to be seen.

Binance, the world’s biggest crypto exchange, will conduct due diligence in coming days as the next step toward an acquisition of FTX.com. The US operations of Binance and FTX are not part of the deal, said Bankman-Fried, who is from California but lives in the Bahamas, where FTX is based.

It is not clear how regulators will regard a deal between the two crypto exchanges. US antitrust enforcers could insist on looking into the merger, antitrust experts said.

Binance is also under investigation by the US Justice Department for possible violations of money-laundering rules, Reuters reported last week. That is one of a series of investigations this year into Binance’s troubled history with financial regulatory compliance.

“We don’t know whether the monopoly will be a fact”, Zeng said. “There must be tons of regulatory pressure for this deal.

“What is fact is that Binance has been in the dominant position for long. As long as the leader is putting the customers first, pursuing a compliant and transparent framework, welcoming fair competition and supervision, the industry will grow its way forward.”