BAKU: Global leaders offered competing visions on how to tackle climate change at UN-led talks on Wednesday as a new report warned that the world must reach carbon neutrality much sooner than planned.

Planet-warming carbon dioxide emissions from oil, gas and coal rose to record highs this year, according to preliminary research from an international network of scientists at the Global Carbon Project.

The report came as leaders gathered in Azerbaijan for COP29 climate talks aimed at reaching a deal to boost funding for poorer nations so they can adapt to climate shocks and transition to cleaner energy.

The research found that to meet the Paris agreement’s ambitious goal of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, the world now needs to reach net-zero CO2 emissions by the late 2030s — instead of 2050.

“This is what the presidency has been promoting since the beginning of this year — the time window is narrowing, shrinking — and we need to act urgently,” Yalchin Rafiyev, Azerbaijan’s lead negotiator for COP29, said.

“There are still possibilities for keeping 1.5C within reach”, and striking a deal on climate finance “will definitely pave the way for us to realise this opportunity”.

The warning comes with growing concern about the future of global climate action after the election of Donald Trump, who has vowed to again pull the United States out of the Paris agreement after taking over the presidency in January.

Some leaders in Baku defended fossil fuels during two days of speeches, while others from countries plagued by climate disasters warned that they were running out of time.

Some of the strongest words came from Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama, who complained that “our speeches full of good words about climate change, change nothing”.

Rama skewered the many leaders who skipped this year’s event, saying their absences added “insult to injury”.

‘Slower’ path

Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, meanwhile, urged a “realistic global outlook” that did not prioritise decarbonisation over “our production and social system’s sustainability”.

“We must protect nature, with man at its core. An approach that is too ideological and not pragmatic on this matter risks taking us off the road to success,” the far-right leader said. “Currently, there is no single alternative to fossil fuel supply.” And Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis warned that countries “cannot drive ourselves into industrial oblivion”.

Those views stood in sharp contrast to the line from countries beset by climate catastrophes and rising sea levels. Tuvalu’s Prime Minister Feleti Penitala Teo insisted that for Pacific island nations like his, “there is simply no time to waste”.

He urged countries to “deliver a clear signal that the world is promptly phasing out fossil fuel”.

Published in Dawn, November 14th, 2024

Opinion

Editorial

Military option
Updated 21 Nov, 2024

Military option

While restoring peace is essential, addressing Balochistan’s socioeconomic deprivation is equally important.
HIV/AIDS disaster
21 Nov, 2024

HIV/AIDS disaster

A TORTUROUS sense of déjà vu is attached to the latest health fiasco at Multan’s Nishtar Hospital. The largest...
Dubious pardon
21 Nov, 2024

Dubious pardon

IT is disturbing how a crime as grave as custodial death has culminated in an out-of-court ‘settlement’. The...
Islamabad protest
Updated 20 Nov, 2024

Islamabad protest

As Nov 24 draws nearer, both the PTI and the Islamabad administration must remain wary and keep within the limits of reason and the law.
PIA uncertainty
20 Nov, 2024

PIA uncertainty

THE failed attempt to privatise the national flag carrier late last month has led to a fierce debate around the...
T20 disappointment
20 Nov, 2024

T20 disappointment

AFTER experiencing the historic high of the One-day International series triumph against Australia, Pakistan came...