India opens giant Hindu festival for 400m pilgrims

Published January 13, 2025
Devotees gather at the river bank to take a holy dip at Sangam, the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers with the mythical, invisible Saraswati river, during the “Maha Kumbh Mela”, or the Great Pitcher Festival, in Prayagraj, India, January 13, 2025. — Reuters
Devotees gather at the river bank to take a holy dip at Sangam, the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers with the mythical, invisible Saraswati river, during the “Maha Kumbh Mela”, or the Great Pitcher Festival, in Prayagraj, India, January 13, 2025. — Reuters

Vast crowds of Hindu pilgrims in India bathed in sacred waters on Monday as the Kumbh Mela festival opened, with organisers expecting 400 million people — the largest gathering of humanity.

The millennia-old Kumbh Mela, a show of religious piety and ritual bathing — and a logistical challenge of staggering proportions — is held at the site where the Ganges, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati rivers meet.

In the cool pre-dawn gloom, pilgrims surged forward to begin bathing in the waters.

 Devotees rest on the river bank on the day they take a holy dip at Sangam, the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers with the mythical, invisible Saraswati river during the “Maha Kumbh Mela”, or the Great Pitcher Festival, in Prayagraj, India on January 13, 2025. — Reuters
Devotees rest on the river bank on the day they take a holy dip at Sangam, the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers with the mythical, invisible Saraswati river during the “Maha Kumbh Mela”, or the Great Pitcher Festival, in Prayagraj, India on January 13, 2025. — Reuters

“I feel great joy,” said Surmila Devi, 45.

“For me, it’s like bathing in nectar.”

Businesswoman Reena Rai’s voice quivered with excitement as she spoke about the “religious reasons” that brought her to join the sprawling tents, packed along the river banks in the north Indian city of Prayagraj, in Uttar Pradesh state.

“As a Hindu, this is an unmissable occasion,” said the 38-year-old, who travelled around 1,000 kilometres (620 miles) from Madhya Pradesh state to take part in the festival, which runs from Monday until February 26.

Saffron-robed monks and naked ash-smeared ascetics roamed the crowds offering blessings to devotees, many of whom had walked for weeks to reach the site.

The massive congregation is also an occasion for India’s Hindu nationalist government to burnish its credentials.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi called it a “divine occasion”, that brings together “countless people in a sacred confluence of faith, devotion and culture”.

Yogi Adityanath, a Hindu monk and Uttar Pradesh’s chief minister, welcomed devotees to “experience unity in diversity” at the “world’s largest spiritual and cultural gathering”.

‘Scale of preparations’

Organisers say the scale of the Kumbh Mela is that of a temporary country — with numbers expected to total around the combined populations of the United States and Canada.

“Some 350 to 400m devotees are going to visit the mela, so you can imagine the scale of preparations,” festival spokesperson Vivek Chaturvedi said.

 Hindu pilgrims take a dip in the sacred waters of Sangam, the confluence of Ganges, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati riversduring the Maha Kumbh Mela festival in Prayagraj on January 13, 2025. Vast crowds of Hindu pilgrims in India began bathing in sacred waters on January 13, as the Kumbh Mela festival opened, with organisers expecting 400 million people – the largest gathering of humanity. — AFP
Hindu pilgrims take a dip in the sacred waters of Sangam, the confluence of Ganges, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati riversduring the Maha Kumbh Mela festival in Prayagraj on January 13, 2025. Vast crowds of Hindu pilgrims in India began bathing in sacred waters on January 13, as the Kumbh Mela festival opened, with organisers expecting 400 million people – the largest gathering of humanity. — AFP

Hindu monks carried huge flags of their respective sects, while tractors turned into chariots for life-size idols of Hindu gods rolled by behind them accompanied by elephants.

Pilgrims exulted in the beat of drums and honking horns.

The festival is rooted in Hindu mythology, a battle between deities and demons for control of a pitcher containing the nectar of immortality.

Organising authorities are calling it the great or “Maha” Kumbh Mela.

‘One with god’

The riverside in Prayagraj has turned into a vast sea of tents — some luxury, others simple tarpaulins.

Jaishree Ben Shahtilal took three days to reach the holy site, journeying with her neighbours from Gujarat state in a convoy of 11 buses over three days.

“I have great faith in god,” she said. “I have waited for so long to bathe in the holy river.”

 A woman devotee prays while taking a holy dip at Sangam, the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers with the mythical, invisible Saraswati river during the “Maha Kumbh Mela”, or the Great Pitcher Festival, in Prayagraj, India, January 13, 2025. — Reuters
A woman devotee prays while taking a holy dip at Sangam, the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers with the mythical, invisible Saraswati river during the “Maha Kumbh Mela”, or the Great Pitcher Festival, in Prayagraj, India, January 13, 2025. — Reuters

Around 150,000 toilets have been built and a network of community kitchens can each feed up to 50,000 people at the same time.

Another 68,000 LED light poles have been erected for a gathering so large that its bright lights can be seen from space.

The last celebration at the site, the “ardh” or half Kumbh Mela in 2019, attracted 240 million pilgrims, according to the government.

That compares to an estimated 1.8 million Muslims who take part in the annual Hajj pilgrimage to Makkah in Saudi Arabia.

Indian police said they were “conducting relentless day-and-night patrols to ensure top-notch security” for the event.

Authorities and the police have also set up a network of “lost and found” centres and an accompanying phone app to help pilgrims lost in the immense crowd “to reunite with their families”.

India is the world’s most populous nation, with 1.4 billion people, and so is used to large crowds.

 Hindu pilgrims wait in a queue outside a temple to offer prayers after taking a holy dip in the sacred waters of Sangam, the confluence of Ganges, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati rivers, during the Maha Kumbh Mela festival in Prayagraj on January 13, 2025. — AFP
Hindu pilgrims wait in a queue outside a temple to offer prayers after taking a holy dip in the sacred waters of Sangam, the confluence of Ganges, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati rivers, during the Maha Kumbh Mela festival in Prayagraj on January 13, 2025. — AFP

Temperatures hovered around 15 degrees Celsius (59 Fahrenheit) overnight, but pilgrims said their faith meant their baths were not chilly.

“Once you are in the water, you don’t even feel cold,” said 56-year-old devotee Chandrakant Nagve Patel.

“I felt like I was one with god.”

Hindus believe bathing there during the Kumbh helps cleanse sins and brings salvation.

“It’s a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity”, said Savita Venkat, a teacher from the southern city of Bengaluru.

Government employee Bhawani Baneree, who had come from the western state of Maharashtra, said the “vibrant atmosphere” had made his long journey worthwhile. “Everything is so beautiful”, he said.

Opinion

Editorial

Al Qadir ruling
Updated 18 Jan, 2025

Al Qadir ruling

One wonders whether the case is as closed as PTI’s critics would have one believe.
Atlantic tragedy
Updated 18 Jan, 2025

Atlantic tragedy

The only long-term solution lies in addressing root causes of illegal migration: financial misery and a lack of economic opportunities at home.
Cheap promises?
18 Jan, 2025

Cheap promises?

TALK is cheap. Can electricity also be? The government has recently announced that Pakistan will benefit from the...
Never again
Updated 17 Jan, 2025

Never again

The Gaza genocide has also revealed the utter helplessness of the Palestinian Authority in projecting Palestine’s case globally.
World Bank loan
17 Jan, 2025

World Bank loan

THAT the World Bank will give $20bn to Pakistan in the next 10 years to address some of the country’s most acute...
India’s dangerous game
17 Jan, 2025

India’s dangerous game

THE latest inflammatory remarks by India’s military brass about Pakistan mark a troubling departure from the...