In a surpise ruling on Tuesday, the EU's top court said individuals do have the right to ask US Internet giant Google to delete personal data produced by its ubiquitous search engine.

Taking up a complaint concerning a Spanish citizen, the European Court of Justice said individuals have this right “to be forgotten,” under certain circumstances when their personal data becomes outdated or inaccurate.

Specifically, this applies when such data “appear to be inadequate, irrelevant or no longer relevant, or excessive in relation to the purpose for which they were processed and in the light of the time that has elapsed.”

This was based on the finding that under current data protection norms in the European Union, “an internet search engine operator is responsible for the processing that it carries out of personal data.”Google said the ruling was a disappointment and “dramatically” at odds with an opinion last year delivered by one of the ECJ's top lawyers.

“This is a disappointing ruling for search engines and online publishers in general,” Google said in a statement.

“We are very surprised that it differs so dramatically from the Advocate General's opinion and the warnings and consequences that he spelled out,” it said.

“We now need to take time to analyse the implications,” it added.

Google, which dominates the internet search industry, has previously argued that it is responsible only for finding the information.

As long as this is correct and legal, and therefore properly part of the public record, it believes it should not be obliged to delete such data, which it argues amounts to “censorship.”

Last year, ECJ Advocate General Niilo Jaaskinen had argued that Google was not responsible for the data carried by websites appearing on its search engine and that EU citizens did not have a “right to be forgotten” under current law.

That opinion had suggested the ECJ would rule accordingly in due course and was warmly welcomed by Google.

“We are glad to see it supports our long-held view that requiring search engines to suppress 'legitimate and legal information' would amount to censorship,” the company said at the time.

The case centres on Spanish national Mario Costeja Gonzalez who went to court because the personal details of his involvement in a debt recovery operation continued to appear on the online version of a Spanish newspaper long after the legal dispute had been resolved.

Spain's data protection agency, the AEPD, found that the newspaper was not at fault because the information was correct at the time it was published.

However, it upheld the complaint against Google, asking it to delete the material from its search results.

When Google appealed, Spain sought guidance from the ECJ to resolve the issue.

European Justice Commissioner Viviane Reding proposed in 2012 that a “right to be forgotten” be included in EU legislation on data protection to meet concerns it was not adequate given the pace of techology change.

Personal data protection has become an even more sensitive issue with revelations of massive US and other intelligence service snooping, driving calls in the EU for much tighter oversight and redress against the huge companies such Google which dominate the Internet.